Calculating machine



July 1, 1941. R. G. BowER CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Pgymond G Bower M ww/ w ATTORNEYS July 1, 1941. BOWER 2,247,938

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR fiaymoncl G. Bower July 1, 1941. R. s. BOWER CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig: 5 @ymonal G Bower FUD] 11]] 1 r. m Mm T O m n 4 Z 7 6 v A 5 5 2. 4 m n 4 3 w Y m Q B 81 7O 1. 8\ .1 M." m M M 7 w T m 3 w W M 3 2 111g u 5 'July 1941- R. G. BOWER 2,247,938

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS gag mom! G. Bower CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR dym0nd G. Bower ATTORNEYS July 1, 1941 r ow 2,247,938

CALCULATING MACHINE v Filed July' 19, 1935 9 Sheets- Sheet 6 INVENTOR aymond G. Bower ATTORNEYS July 1, 1941. R. e. BOWER CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTOR Fag/mend G. Baa/er ATTORNEYS July 1, 1941. R. G. BOWER CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 mvsmok ymond G. Bower 713a QMiqWWmy, ATTORNEY5 July 1, 1941. BOWER 2,247,938

CALCULAT ING MACHINE Filed July 19, 1935 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENTOR gfizqymond G. Boa/6r ATTORNEYS Patented July 1, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CAPCULATING MACHINE Raymond G.

signor to Burroughs This invention relates to a calculating machine, and it is directed to a novel construction that is particularly adapted to enable a machine of the IO-key type to be converted into a machine of the full-keyboard," or Bl-key type, and vice versa.

Having reference to the type of keyboard used there are, at present, two kinds of machines on the market, namely, the full-keyboard and the IO-key types. The full-keyboard machine has a plurality of banks of amount keys with nine keys in each bank corresponding to the digits i to 9, inclusive. There are generally nine banks of these keys making a total of eightyone keys, which accounts for the use of the term Bl-key keyboard often used to designate a full-keyboard machine. Where such term is used, it is understood that it does not necessarily mean a machine having eighty-one keys, but a machine of the type that employs a plurality of banks of keys, each bank containing nine keys and usually having nine banks or eighty-one keys, in all,

The IO-key machine usually has nine amount keys corresponding to the digits l to 9, inclusive, and a key, making a total of ten amount keys for entering items on the machine. Because of special keys sometimes used a machine of the latter type might not have exactly ten keys, but this type of machine will be referred to herein by the term generally employed to describe it, namely, IO-key" machine.

Certain advantages are claimed for each of these types of machines, but it is not possible for a customer to have both types without buying two complete machines, because the two types are built quite differently and are distinctly different machines. For the same reason it is necessary for the manufacturer to make and the dealer to maintain a stock of complete machines of both types if they are to satisfy all users.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved calculating machine.

It is also an object of this invention to provide a construction that will enable an Bl-key or full keyboard machine to be readily converted into a lo-key type and vice versa.

It is a further object of this invention to provide an early key release at the early portion of the cycle of a machine operation to permit resetting of the keys for a second entry before the close of the cycle of operation on the previous entry.

Other objects and their consequent advantages Bower Bloomfield Hills, Micln, as-

Adding Machine Company, Detroit, Mich, a corporation oi. Michigan Application July 19, 1935, Serial No. 32,227

8 Claims. (CL 235-60) will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the drawings in which,

Figure 1 is a right side elevation of a calculating machine with the right side frame removed and showing the general construction with a IO-key" keyboard installed and with all parts in normal position;

Fig.. 1 is a plan of the IO-key keyboard showing the key arrangement;

Fig. '2 is a viewsimilar to Fig. l but after a pin in the pin carriage has beenset by depression of a key and the machine has been partially operated and the said pin has set the stop;

Fig. 3 is a partial side elevation illustratin the stop restoring mechanism;

Fig. 4 is a partial side elevation similar to Fig.

2 illustrating the machine further advanced in operation with the type bars indexed and before p s;

Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5 of Fig. 1 illustrating the pin carriage in plan section;

Fig. 5' is a front sectional detail of a portion of the pin carriage taken on line 5 of Fig. 5 illustrating the flexible pin arrangement;

Fig. 5 is a side sectional detail of a portion of the stop magazine taken on line 5 01' Fig. 5;

Fig. 6 is a partial right side elevation illustrating more particularly the total-taking controls, the latter being in normal position;

Figs. 7, 8, 9 and 10 are diagrammaticai views illustrating the several cams and cam plate attachments therefore in separated condition for operating the machine and used in converting from a IO-key to a full-keyboard machine;

Figs. 7, 8*, 9 and 10 are end elevations of the cams and cam plates in assembled positions.

Fig. 11 is a right side elevation similar to Fig. l but with a full-keyboard substituted for a "10- key keyboard;

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 11 but illustrating the machine advanced in operation with an amount set up in the pin carriage;

Fig. 13 is a partial view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 12 with the machine still further advanced in operation with the pin stops set up by the pin carriage and with the index stops also set up;

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary detail of two keys of the full-keyboard illustrating one key depressed and the other in normal or raised position;

. Fig. 15 is a fragmentary perspective of a portion of a full-keyboard; and

Fig. 16 is a partial right side elevation illustrating the release of the index bars upon idepression of the motor bar, the parts being in normal position.

General construction The novel features of this invention are shown as applied to a machine that is well adapted to the average needs and requirements of calculating machines, that is, to a machine that can be used by the average business oilices, rather than to a machine particularly adapted to some special use or bookkeeping system. The machine is also illustrated as one that is readily adaptable to be converted from a full-keyboard to a IO-key keyboard machine although it will be apparent as the description proceeds that several of the features employed are suitable to machines of other characteristics.

The machine structure generally is carried in a frame comprising two side plates I, one of which is shown in Fig. 1 which are connected together in spaced relation by transverse members, such as shown at A, B and C in Fig. 1, and support between them transverse shafts, rods and other supporting elements such as In and H6 (Fig. 1), which are adapted to support a ten-key keyboard, and 98 and .99 (Fig. 11) which are adapted to support a full keyboard. Said frame also supports a cross-tabulating paper carriage C which carriage rotatably supports a platen P. Platen P supports one or more sheets of paper in the usual manner upon which the results of the machine entries or calculations may be printed by type I carried by racks or bars 3 and adapted to be driven by hammers I in the usual manner.

The machine is also provided with an upper register 6 and a lower register I adapted to be Th sectors are constantly urged clockwise by springs ii and are held in a normal or Fig. 1 position by a ball I! carried by arms ll journaled on a shaft 9 and integral with a third arm ll carrying a roller l6 adapted to engage a cam I! (Fig. 1) mounted on the main control shaft [8. This control shaft contains several cams for controlling the various functions of the machine to be described later and is given a single revolution for each cycle of operation of the machine. the movement being supplied by a motor M (Fig. 6) through a shaft I! connected by any suitable one revolution clutch to shaft I! in the usual manner.

The sectors 8 are also each provided with a forwardly extending arm II which has a stud and slot connection 12 with type bars 3, the latter being slidably arranged between rollers 28 for substantially vertical linear movement.

Each type bar 3 is provided at its lower end with a magazine 24 containing adjustable differential stops 26 arranged in pairs and connected by U-shaped springs 25 with the exception of one end stop the spring for which is connected to the stop and to the plate 24. There are nine adjustable stops representing digits 0" to 8 in each magazine. There is no adjustable 9" stop but instead each magazine is provided with a permanent limit or stop 26-. When a stop 26 is depressed or moved rearward as shown in Fig. 1, it remains depressed until restored later in the machine operation, as will hereinafter be described. The depressed stop 28 and/or the permanent stops 26 abut against the stationary cross-bar 2! fixed to the machine frame and accordingly differentially limit the movement of the type bars in their various printing positions during listing operations of the machine.

A plate 28 (Figs. 3, 11 and 12) is provided at the rear of the stops and mounted for reciprocatory movement toward and from the rear ends of the stops, being normally spring urged away from the stops. At the very initial portion of the cycle of machine operation this plate is moved forward to restore the stops to their original position by means of a cam 29 secured to shaft l8. During a totaling operation, the type bars, of course, are indexed by the register wheels 6 or I which, are engaged with the sectors for this purpose and are rotated by the sectors until the wheels reach zero, all in the usual manner as disclosed in the aforesaid patent.

The stops it are'diiferentially set up by ad- Justable pins 30 of a sliding and reciprocating pin carriage 3|. The pin carriage 3| contains nine rows of pins 30, each row having ten pins representing the digits 0" to 9. The pins are flexibly" arranged, l. e., each pin is spring urged upward to normal position by a continuous coiled spring 32 (Fig. 5') similar to spring ll (shown in Fig. 11), and is latched when depressed by a pivoted ball 33 for each column. The pins remain latched when depressed until a succeeding key is depressed in the same column in a succeeding machine operation which depresses a pin 30 which in turn rocks the bail to release the previously latched pin and latches the last depressed pin. Accordingly it is only necessary to depress a second pin in any one bank to release a previously depressed pin and no other means is necessary to' return the pins 10 to normal position after each machine operation.

For example, assume an amount suchss 12345 is set up on the keyboard, the corresponding pins SI will be set up and the pin carriage will be spaced to the left so that the first five rows of pins will appear directly in line with the first five rows of stops 2!. Then, as the machine is given a stroke of operation, the pin carriage will be moved against the stops to set up the amount 12345. Later in the machine operation the pin carriage will be returned to the right where it is in position to receive the next succeeding amount. Assume that the next amount to be entered is 678, which is entered by depressing the keys in the usual manner. Entering 678 steps the pin carriage over three rows and releases the #l, #2 and #3 pins and leaves the #4 and #5 pins of the previous example still set up in the pin section. Because the pin carria e is only moved three spaces to the left for the amount 678, these pins #4 and #5 will not set up stops and will be inactive during the machine operation.

The pin carriage also has a blade 34 (Pig. 5)., secured thereto for movement with the carriage. Blade 34 extends to the left of the pin carriage in position over the zero stops in the magazines and will set up all such stops to the left of the amount indexed when the carriage is moved toward the stops.

The pin carriage is slidably mounted on shafts 36 and is constantly urged to the left by a spring 31, the right-hand end of which is secured to the right-hand side member of the pin carriage 3| and the left-hand end of which is secured to the left-hand one of two fixed frame members 49 referred to hereinafter. A tape 38 is attached to the left-hand side member of the pin carriage 3| and extends through the right side plate of the machine where it passes around a pulley after which it is fastened to the lower end of lever 42 (Fig. 6) pivoted at 42' to the upper end of one arm of a crank 4|, the latter being pivoted to the stationary stud 4|. The lever 42 is constantly urged counterclockwise (Fig. 6) by a spring 42 which is weaker than spring 31. As the keys are depressed, the stronger spring 31 urges the carriage to the left side of the machine and lever 42 is moved clockwise about its pivot against the tension of spring 42'.

After an amount has been set up on the pins 30 and the machine is given a stroke of operation and the pin carriage 3| has been moved as hereinafter described to set up the stops 26, a highportion of cam 39 engages a stud 4| on crank 4| thereby rocking crank 4| in a clockwise direction and causing the upper end of lever 42 to move rearward until it engages stud 43. Continued clockwise movement of lever 4| causes stud 43 to arrest the upper end of lever 42 whereupon the lower end of lever 42 moves to the rear of the machine thus pulling tape 38 to the rear and causing the pin carriage to restore to the right side of the machine.

During each operation of the machine, the crank 4| is moved in a clockwise direction and if the stud 43 is in the Fig. 6 position the pin carriage will be restored, but, if a repeat key (not shown) is depressed, the stud 43 is raised to clear lever 42 thereby permitting crank 4| to move in a clockwise direction and rock lever 42 without pulling the tape 38 rearward. This allows the pin carriage to remain in indexed position so that the same amount will be entered in the stop section for each successive machine operation or until the repeat key has been released.

An escapement rack 44 (Fig. is carried by the.

pin carriage 3| so as to be movable therewith and is adapted to be engaged by a pair of pawls, to retain the pin carriage against movement to the left. One of these pawls 46 is pivoted at 41 and is normally urged into engagement with the rack 44 by a spring 48. Few] 46 is adapted to be rocked clockwise to release the rack and carriage for step-by-step movement to the left as will hereinafter be described.

An escapement rack 44 (Fig. 5) is carried by the pin carriage 3| so as to be movable therewith and is adapted to be engaged by a pair of pawls, to retain the pin carriage against movement to the left. One oi these pawls 46 is pivoted at 41 and is normally urged into engagement with the rack 44 by a spring 48. Pawl 48 is adapted to be rocked clockwise to release the rack and carr a e for step-by-step movement to the left as will hereinafter be described.

In order to cause differential settin of ns 30 in the pin carriage to be transferred to stone 26 and thus limit the type bars in their upward 70 movement, the pin carriage is mounted for movement to and from the stops 26.

As previously stated, the pin carria e is slidably supported on shafts 36. These shaf s are vided with rearwardly extending arms pivotally connected by studs 5| projecting from frames 49 to levers 52 extending downward to and Journailed on a stationary shaft 53. Each frame 40 also carries a stud 54 (Fig. 6) engaged in a slot 55 in the stationary frame of the machine. Stud 5| extending from the right frame 49 is also connected to a link 56 which has a hook connection with a stud 51 carried by crank ll pivoted at 58 to the stationary frame of the machine. Crank a contains two rollers n and u, whichengage detachable cam plates, later to be described, secured to a cam 43 rigidly secured to the main driving shaft It for reciprocating the pin carriage. The heretofore mentioned cam plates are detachable to facilitate conversion of the machine from a "IO-key to a full-keyboard machine. The pin carriage, therefore, is permitted to move from right to left on its sliding shafts 36 and is also caused to be moved forward and backward relatively to the stop magazina on the type bars. This latter movement enables the index pins 30 set up in the pin carriage to set up corresponding stops in the stop magazine carried by the type bars and may be varied in timing by varying the detachable cam plates as will be described.

IO-key" keyboard constructiom-Jisting operation Figs. 1 to 8 illustrate the machine construction as it is adapted to a IO-key" keyboard which is detachably supported on the machine frame on the members l0 and II. The arrangement of the keys is shown more particularly in Fig. 1-. In this construction the amount determining devices comprise ten keys and associated elements.

Each of the ten keys I4 is pivoted to a cross pin 85 and is urged in a clockwise direction by spring 46. Each key is also provided with a downwardly extending arm 61 having a lug 48. the lugs of the several keys being positioned in their proper orders and representing the digits from 0 to "9". The lugs 64 of the keys 64 are posh tioned directly over and in alignment with the pins 3|! of the pin carriage 3|, as shown more clearly in Figs. 1 and 2. Therefore when a key is depressed, its lower Inc 68 depresses the corresponding pin 34 in the first row at the left side of the pin carriage 3|.

Depression and release of any of the keys also causes the pin carriage to esca e one step to the. left under urge of the spring 31 whereupon the succeeding row of pins 30 to the right is pos tioned under the lugs 68 and in front of stops 2.

For releasing the escapement mechanism each of the keys 64 (Fig. 1) is provided with a downwardly extending lug 64 adapted to engage a bail 1o pivoted at 1: to the keyboard frame. The bail is connected to the upper end of a link 12. (Figs. 1, 2 and 5) the lower end of wh ch s connected to one arm of a crank I8 (Fi 5) p oted at 14 to pawl 46. The other arm of crank 13 terminates in a pawl ll w ich is the second pawl ada ted to engage rack 44.

Pawl I5 serves as an intermediate escapement new]: that is. each time a key is depressed link 12 (Fig. 5) is moved upward to rock pawl ll counterclockwise to en age the too of the teeth of rack 44. Continued counterclockwise movement of pawl II and crank I! after the former engages the rack teeth moves pawl 44 clockwise about its pivot 41 until pawl 48 moves out of engagement with rack 44 because crank 13 is.

supported at their outer ends by frames 49 proconnected to pawl 44 by pin I4. Thereupon pin carriage 3| is moved to the left by spring 31 until pawl 15 drops in front of the next rack tooth, in which position the pin carriage is momentarily held until the key is released. Upon release of the key link I2 is released to move downward and to disengage pawl 15 from rack 44. Lower ing of crank 13 permits pawl ll to reengage rack 44 and allows the pin carriage to move to the left the remaining half step necessary in the escapement movement. The row of pins 20 in which a pin was set by the depression of the key just released is then directly over the first right row of stops 28. Of course, if more than one key is depressed, the pin carriage is moved successively the necessary number of spaces to the left until the necessary number of pins 20 corresponding to the amount entered are positioned directly over the corresponding stops 26.

After an amount has been set up on the keyboard, the machine is ready for operation. Machine operation is initiated by depression of the motor bar II (Fig. 6); which engages a stud I1 and through arms 12 and 19 on shaft ll, arm SI, and suitable connections, not shown, but which may be similar to those shown in the Horton Patents No. 1,781,689 and No. 2,004,282 and the Muller Patent No. 1,757,134; closes the normally open motor switch to start the motor M. Motor M through shaft I! and clutch (not shown) rotates the main control shaft II in a clockwise direction, one revolution for each machine operation.

For listing operations when a IO-key keyboard is used plates 82 and 83 are secured to opposite sides of cam '3 in position to be engaged by rollers 82 and I respectively (Figs. 1, 2 and 7) which extend diflerent distances from crank 58. Plate 82 is attached to the outside surface of cam 63, and plate 82 is attached to the inside surface thereof both at approximately the same peripheral positions whereby roller 8| will engage cam 63 and plate 83, and roller 62 will engage cam i2 and plate 82. The position of plates 82 and 83 is such that as cam 3 starts to rotate, i. e. at the initial part of the cycle of machine operation and immediately after pins 26 have been restored by cam 2i and plate 28 from their previous setting, the pointed extension 83* of plate 82 engages roller ll and moves crank 58 counterclockwise as shown in Fig. 2 until roller 62 engages the pocket of cam 63, and a corresponding cut away portion 82 of plate 82. As cam 63 continues its rotation, roller 62 rides up the cam to restore crank SI to its normal position where the rollers I and 02 both engage the periphery of cam 62. This rocking motion of crank 88 caused by rotation of cam 83 moves the pin carriage 2| rearwardly causing its pins to engage stops 26 to set up corresponding stops in magazines and thereafter moves the pin carriage forwardly to normal position where it is retained during the remaining portion of the machine cycle.

The purpose of plate 82 is to close the cut out or low point (Fig. 7) of cam 02 so that the small roller '2 will not drop into the opening as the cam is rotated and thus move the pin carriage rearwardly at the wrong point in the machine operation, The depression 82' is used in the full keyboard construction as will later be explained.

Following rearward and return forward movement of the pin carriage continued rotation of shaft l8 occurs and the sectors 8 are allowed to descend to their respective positions as deter- 7 mined by the stops 2O limiting against the sta-' tionary plate 21 thus positioning type 2 in printing relation to platen.

After the pins in the pin carriage have been set up and the pin carriage moved rearward during the early part of the machine operation by cam 63 and crank 58 to set up corresponding stops in the stop magazines and has been returned to normal position by the same cam and crank, the pin carriage is returned to the right by means of tape 32 controlled by cam ll on shaft It. The pin carriage is restored to its normal position by the time the machine has completed about one-half of the cycle so that the pin carriage is ready to receive its second amount while the machine is completing the last half of the first operation or cycle.

Ten key keyboard construction-Totaling operation Totaling of the registers of the present ma- '7 chine is accomplished by depression of a total key N, Fig. 6, there being a total key for each individual register I and I, Fig. 1. Depression of the total key causes its associated register to engage the sectors during the forward machine stroke and permits the type bars to be indexed to corresponding amounts as determined by the permissible rotation of the register wheels when rotated to their zero positions. The connections for causing the aforesaid engagement of the registers and sectors for total-taking operations are not shown in detail as they are well known and common in calculating machines. Depression of any total key also starts the driving motor which in turn drives control shaft II' a single revolution in clockwise direction.

During listing operations cam 63 controls movement of the pin carriage but it is obvious that the pin carriage should not be actuated during the first part of the cycle of machine operation in totaling operations because the type bars should then be under the control of the registers rather than by the stops carried by the type bars. However, after the registers have been rotated to their zero position and the printing of the total has been accomplished, during the forward stroke of the machine at the initial half revolution of shaft IS, the registers should be and are disengaged from the sectors in the usual manner by mechanisms not shown but well understood in the art. The type bars as well as the sectors are then immediately released and would move to their No. 9 position, due to the action of springs ll, if some means were not provided to prevent this movement. Such movement is undesirable at this time because it is frequently desirable to condition one or more of the registers for add or subtract operations while the other register is being totalized. If the sectors were released after one of the registers had been cleared this unnecessary movement of the sectors would affect the amounts entered in the second register. For this reason the pin carriage is utilized to prevent release of the type bars after one of the registers has been cleared.

In order to prevent blade 24, Fig. 5, from setting up all cipher stops at the beginning of a totaling machine operation the connection between the pin carriage and the listing cam 62 is disengaged during totaling operations. For this purpose a lever 85, Fig. 6 is provided and is positioned to be engaged by the lower ends of the total keys 84. The lever 25 is pivoted at ll and contains a downwardly extending arm carrying a stud 83 which engages the forwardly extending arm of link 50 connecting the pin carriage to the crank 58. Therefore, depression of the total key rocks link 56 counterclockwise, raising the hooked end to disengage it from stud 51, Figs. 1 and Therefore, as the listing cam 63 is rotated, plate 83 will rock crank 58 in the usual manner but link 56 and pin carriage 3| will not be moved.

After the registers have been zeroized and the total amount printed from the type bars and before the registers are disengaged from the sectors, that is, at the beginning of the return stroke the pin carriage is automatically moved toward the index stops. But because-the pin carriage is now in its extreme right position during total-taking operations as shown in Fig. 5, only the stops in line at zero position directly under blade 34 are set up.

These stops that are under blade 34 are the ones directly below the'stationary plate 21 and, therefore, these stops which are depressed by the blade serve to prevent further upward movement of the type bars and of the sectors after the register wheels have been zeroized during a totaling operation and are disengaged from the sectors. This blocking of the sectors prevents unnecessary banging of the sectors against their limit stops during total-taking operations.

Of course, at this time, some of the type bars are in their raised positions because of the rotation of the register wheels having moved to their zero positions in total printing but further movement will be prevented by stops 26.

During the latter half of the totaling operation bail l2, Fig. 1, will be returned counterclockwise and will engage each of the sectors to restore them to their normal position, which in turn will.

lower each of the type bars to their normal positions.

Movement of pin carriage M in order to set up stops 2G to prevent unnecessary movement of the type bars during the totaling operation is accomplished as follows:

As has been previously explained depression of the total key disengages link 56 from stud 51 so that the plate 83 on the listing cam will not affect the pin carriage. Link 56, however, has an arm 81, Figs. 2 and 6, rigidly secured thereto. A spring 88 urges both link 56 and arm 81 in a clockwise direction during listing operations but when the total key is depressed and link 58 is moved counterclockwise, arm 81 is likewise moved, which causes its hooked end to engage a stud 89, Fig. 6, carried by a crank 90 pivoted at 59 and similar to crank 58 for controlling the listing function of the pin carriage. The second crank 90 is located just to the left of crank 58 and carries two studs 9! and 92 engageable with a total cam 95 carried by the main drive shaft l8 and positioned to the left of listing cam 63, controlling crank 90 in a manner similar to the listing crank 58 but during a different portion of the machine operation.

As shown in Fig. 8, the totaling cam 95 is provided with two .cutouts 95 and 95*, but when used with the IO-key keyboard construction is provided with two plates 96 and 91 attached at approximately diametrically opposite sides of the cam. Plate 96 is attached to the outside surfaces of cam 95, where it will be engaged by stud 92, whereas plate 9'! is attached to the inside surface, where it will be engaged by stud i.

When the total key is depressed and the ma chine is given a stroke of operation causing clockwise rotation of shaft I8, lever being connected by lever 81 to the pin carriage, is not moved for the first half of the revolution of cam 85, during which time the registers are cleared. But immediately thereafter a high point 81"- of plate 81, Figs. 6 and 8, engages roller 8! and rocks crank 80 counterclockwise until its lower roller 02 drops into the pocket and moves the pin carriage against the stop 26 of magazine 24. causing depression of each of the stops under blade 34 to prevent unnecessary movement of the type bars during total-taking operations. After these stops have been set up, continued rotation of cam 85 moves crank 00 and restores the ,pin carriage to normal position during the remaining portion of the totaling cycle. During this period studs 8| and 82 engage the periphery of the totaling cam 85.

Plate 96 is used on the totaling cam to prevent roller 82 from dropping into the opening 05' which latter opening is needed for the full-key keyboard construction. The plate 91 used in connection with the totaling cam 85 performs the same function with respect to the pin carriage as does plate 83.in listing operations. The plate 83, however, merely changes the time at which the pin carriage is moved into engagement with the stops 26.

When the totaling operation is completed and the total key is restored to normal position, the hooked links 55 and 81 are restored in clockwise direction by spring 88 so that lever 56 is again engaged with stud 51 of crank 58 for the succeeding listing operations. In other words, the machine is normally conditioned for listing operations but upon depression of either total key 84 the operation of the pin carriage isvaried to conform with the requirements of a totaling operation.

Full-key keyboard constructz'ma-Listing operation The present machine is readily adaptable and connectible to either a. IO-key" keyboard construction or a full keyboard construction. A full keyboard construction is shown more particulariy in Figs. 9 to 16. The full keyboard is detachably supported on the machine frame on the members 88 and 88 as shown in Fig. 11. In this construction the amount determining devices comprise a full keyboard and associated elements having a plurality of rows of keys I00, each row containing keys numbered from 1 to 9, inclusive. The keys of each bank are urged upwardly to their normal positions by a continuous coil spring IN and when depressed are latched in depressed position by a pivoted bail I02 extending th full length of each row or bank of keys. The ball is spring urged into engagement with the key stems which are notched as at I03 to permit the bail to engage therein and retain the key in depressed position. An index slide H0 for each bank extends the full length of each row of keys and is constantly urged rearwardly or to the right as viewed in Fig. 11 by a spring H2 but is held in normal or forward position thereagainst by means later described. Each of the index slides H0 is connected by a stud and slot connection 3 to an arm I, Fig. 15, of a bell crank which extends through the lower keyboard plate and is freely pivoted on shaft 6. The other arm H1 extends rearward and is connected by a slot and stud connection H0 to an index bar H8 supported by shafts I2l, I22, I23 for substantially vertical linear movement. Each index bar 8 has a rearwardly extending pin-like projection I23 adapted tofengage Higgins 33, as will later be explained. The bars and projections being connected to the slides II3 are set in accordance with the keys-depressed.

A bail I25, Fig. 16, extends under each of the arms III and in normal position retains the arms III in extreme counterclockwise position and accordingly holds the index slides II3 to the left or normal forward position as viewed in Fig. 11. Bail I25, Fig. 16, is supported by arms I23 fixed to shaft Hi to which is also fixed a crank I21. Crank I2! is connected by a link I23 to another crank I29 carrying a roller I33 engageable with a cam I3I carried by the main shaft I3. The main shaft I3, therefore, causes the bail I to move first in a clockwise direction and then counterclockwise to normal position during which movement arms I", slides H3 and index bars II9 are allowed to move to their indexed positions that is until lugs III of the slides engage the depressed key stems. A lug III is formed upon the forward end of each slide H3 in position to engage a finger I32 depending from the associated bail I32. These lu s restrict movement of those slides in banks here no key is depressed upon a machine operation in which bail I25 is moved to release the slides.

Although, as previously stated, the machine is adaptable to hand or power operation, the fullkey keyboard construction is illustrated as adapt ed for power operation. Accordingly a motor bar I33 (Fig. 12), which starts the driving motor through connections not shown but which may be like those shown in the Horton Patents No. 1,781,689 and No. 2,004,282 and Muller Patent No. 1,757,134, is provided with a shank I33 carrying a stud I36 which engages and rocks crank I31. clockwise, which in turn through a stud and slot connection I33 moves link I33 forward or to the left. Link I33 acting through arm I4I rocks shaft I42 clockwise. Attached to shaft I42 is a hook I43 engageable with a lug I44 carried by an arm I43 fixed to shaft II3 which shaft carries the two arms I26 that support the bail I25. Cam I3I is so timed that during each operation after the indexing has occurred, crank I23 is rocked counterclockwise. and permits the hook I43 to engage lug I44 as shown in Fig. 16. As the machine reaches its normal position at the close of the cycle, cam I3I moves slightly beyond its contact of roller I33 and leaves the hook I43 the sole means of retaining the bail I25 and the arms I II in their normal position.

Depression of the motor bar for the next machine operation rocks hook I43 clockwise out of engagement with lug I44 to release the bail I25 immediately and before the machine and the main shaft I8 has started to rotate. In other words, depression of the motor bar allow stud I33 tion to set up pins 33 in accordance with the amount set up on the keys.

Upon depression of the motor bar, arms III and bars I I3 in those columns where no keys have of crank I29 to drop to the dot and dash position, Fig. 16, until the stud I30 engages the inclined surface I3I of cam I3I in which position the bail I25 is momentarily held. As soon as the cam i3I starts to rotate crank I29 will move the remaining distance to permit the indexing mechanism to move to the No. 9 position if necessary. The cam surface I3I is used to temporarily hold or delay the movement of bail I25 to prevent a rebound from a too rapid descent of bail I25 and the index bars I I9.

It is necessary, of course, to drop the index bars at the initial portion of the machine cycle in order that the index bars IIS will be in posibeen depressed are allowed to drop until the projections I23 are moved from their normal position, Fig. 11, to a position directly over the zeropins 33 of the pin carriage 3I, the movement being permitted by a slight clearance between downwardly extending lug I 32" of bail I32 and lug III of slide III.

A slight change in the pin carriage position is required when the full-key keyboard is used, that is, the pin carriage 3I, instead of being positioned to the right of the stop magazines or differential mechanism as is shown in Fig. 5 is moved to the let! directly over all of the stops 23 and it is rigidly secured in this position by collars fastened to shafts 33. In other words, the pin carriage is positioned so that the first left row of pins 33 is directly over the first left row of stops 23.

In the full-key keyboard construction the pin carriage is moved against the index bars instead of the key lugs being moved against the pins of the pin carriage as in the case of the IO-key" keyboard construction, For this purpose the same mechanism is utilized for moving the pin carriage as is used in the IO-key" keyboard construction. The cam 33 used for listing in the lo-key construction is utilized in the full keyboard construction and is provided with a cam plate I33 which replaces plate 32 used in the IO-key keyboard construction being applied to the outside surface of cam 33 to cover the cutout 33 The timing is such that as the machine is operated stud I33, Fig. 16, engages the bottom of cam ill just before lug I33- of plate I33 engages the small stud 32 of crank 53, thereby rocking the latter in a clockwise direction and moves the large stud II Into the recess 33 of cam 33. The clockwise movement of crank 33, through link 53, moves the pin carriage to the position of Fig. 12, causing the projections I23 of index bars II3 to set up the necessary pins 33 in the pin carriage. Following this as the projection I53 of the plate I53 passes beyond the stud 32, the opening 33 of cam 33 again rocks crank 53' counterclockwise to return the pin carriage to normal or central position.

The timing is such that plate I53 moves the pin carriage into engagement with the index bars before plate 33 comes into operation with the result that after the pln'carriage has been moved into engagement with index projections I23 and is returned, plate 33 becomes active as shown in Fig. 13 and rocks crank 53 counterclockwise the same as in the "IO-key keyboard operation which causes pins 33 of the pin carriage to set up the corresponding stops 26 in each of the type bar magazines.

In other words, the full-key keyboard construction uses the same cam plate 33 for moving the pin carriage into engagement with the stops on the type bars as in the ID-key construction which movement takes place at exactly the same time regardless of which keyboard is used, however, in the full-key keyboard construction the pin carriage must first be moved into contact with the index bars. Because of the small amount of time existing between the start of the machine and the action of plate I53, it is necessary to allow the index bars II! to commence their movements immediately upon depression of the motor bar and before the machine operation has actually started.

Full keyboard construction-Early release of keys The shape and timing of cam |3I (Fig. 18) is particularly beneficial in giving an early release of the keys. It will be noted that upon depression of the motor bar crank, I29 is permitted a partial movement after which a slight movement of cam I3I permits full and rapid movement of crank I29 to release all the indexed bars. When stud I30 is at the bottom of cam I3I, the full action ofthe indexing means has been completed, that is, the pins 30 have received the amount set up on the keys. The cam I3I thereafter acts to restore crank I29 together with the bail I25 and the associated indexlng mechanism during the early part of the machine operation, with the result that when cam I 3| has completed about one-quarter of its revolution, all the indexing mechanism has been restored to normal position, after which the rest of thev machine operation continues. Immediately afterv this one-quarter revolution, bails I52 are rocked to release all depressed keys. This is accomplished by means of a blade I55 (Figs, 15 and 16) engageable with each of the balls I52 and connected at one end to one arm of a bell crank IGI. The other arm of the bell crank is connected to one end of a pivoted lever I59 which carries a roller engageable with a cam I54 on shaft I8. Accordingly, an operator can set up a second amount in the keys while the machine is going through the major portion of the cycle of operation for registering and printing previous amounts set up.

Full keyboard construction-Totaling operation The same lever 95 rocked by the total key 54 is utilized to disable the action of the listing link 55 and enable the totaling link 51 and the totaling cam 95 to function in exactly the same manner in both the IO-key and the full keyboard construction.

In the full keyboard construction, depression of the total key 54 (Fig. 16) which rocks-lever 85 also rocks shaft I42 (Fig. 12) in a clockwise direction in order to start the motor and to release lug I44. This is accomplished through a link I19 (Fig. 16) connected at one end to lever 85 and at its other end by a stud slot connection to an arm "I of crank I31 which latter crank rocks shaft I42 through link I39 and arm I. Release of lug I44 during a total operation permits downward movement of bail I25 exactly the same as during a listing operation.

No keys have been depressed during a totaling operation but, upon depression of a total key, the index bars H9 are immediately released to move to their zero positions at the same time the motor is started to rotate shaft I8 and, therefore, all index bars II9 will be stopped in their zero positions by the lugs H" and I02 setting the index slides III) in their zero positions.

Referring to Figs. and 10, it will be seen that the same control cam 95 is also used for the IO-key keyboard construction and the full keyboard construction in total taking. The same plate 91 is used in connection with cam 95 and it is attached to the inside of cam 95 for the pur-- pose of moving the pin carriage into engagement with the stops 26 after the registers have been zeroized and in order to prevent unnecessary upward movement of the type bars 24 after the register has been disengaged from the sectors In the "lO-key keyboard construction, the pin carriage.

riage (Fig. 5) is in its right position where the blade 94 is positioned directly over the zero pins 59 and during a totaling operation when the type bars have been indexed by the zeroizing of the registers the pin carriage is moved toward the steps 25 resulting in setting up a zero stop in each column immediately below the plate 21 (P18. 1).

In the full keyboard construction, the pin carriage is normally in the left position; therefore each of the pins 59 are directly over the corresponding steps 25 and therefore the blade 34 cannot be used. For this reason, the index bars II9 (Fig. 12) are used to set up the zero pins in the pin carriage so that after the pin carriage is moved against the stops 25, the type bars will be prevented from moving upward when the register .is disengaged from the sectors.

Th totaling cam 95 (Fig. 10) is provided with a cam plate I55 having a 11 8! point I55 which takes the place of plate 55 and like plate 95 is attached to the outside surface of the cam 95 in position to move the pin carriage into engagement with the index bars at the very early part of the machine operation or cycle by engagement with stud 52. The pin carriage, however. cannot be moved immediately into engagement with the stops 25 at this part of the machine operation because the type bars and sectors have not yet been indexed by the zeroizing of the registers. Therefore, after the zero pins of the pin carriage have been set up by the index bars I20, the pin carriage is returned to its central or normal position and remains inactive until the register has been zeroized. At this time, plate 91 (Figs. 8 and 10) which is attached to the inside surface of cam 95 being the same plate used with the 10- key" construction as shown in Fig. 8 causes the pin carriage to move into engagement with the stops. 25 and set up all stops which are directly below the stationary plate 21. This prevents upward movement of the type bars after the register has been withdrawn from the sectors.

. From the foregoing description, it will be seen that when a lO-key" keyboard construction is used as shown in Figs. 1 to 8 the pin carriage 3i is allowed to slide from side to side on the shafts 35 under the urge of the spring 31 and under the control of escapement rack 44. The pins in the pin carriage are differentially set by movement of the keys and the key lugs toward the pin car- The pin carriage is also mounted for movement relatively to the differential mechanism whereby the differentially set pins of the pin carriage cause the stops in the type bar magazines to receive a similar differential setting.

When the machine is converted from a "10- key keyboard to a full keyboard construction shown in Figs. 9-16, the "iii-key keyboard is, of course, removed and the full keyboard is substituted therefor. Acam III, bell crank I29, cam I64 and lever I53 must be added unless the machine was provided with these parts' when originally assembled, and the link I28 must be connected between the bell crank I25 and the arm I21. The pin carriage 3| is rigidly fastened in a position directly over the corresponding stops of the type bar magazine. The escapement mechanism for this construction is, of course, no longer necessary and may be omitted, and the pin carriage is moved toward the index bars instead of the indexing fingers being moved toward the carriage plus.

The same cams 55 and 95 are used but their effects are modified by merely changing some of the cam plates thereon to conform as previously discussed. Certain main essentials of the machine such as the frame, actuators, type bars, pin carriages, and general assembly require no change whatever with the exception of the keyboards.

The iulZ keyboard construction shown in Figs. 9-16 is so constructed and arranged that all the associated parts such as the arms Ill, the index bars I", the bail I25 and the motor bar connections all disassemble as a complete unit and are easily installed on the side plates oi the machine. The same is true oi the ten keyboard construction. In other words, there are no major constructional changes necessary other than the changing of the keyboard and some minor changes such as changes of cam plates.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that minor changes may be made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention as defined in the claims.

I claim:

1. In a calculating machine of the class described having means for giving it cycles of operation; selectively depressible amount keys,

means for latching depressed keys in depressed 1 position, setting means controlled by said keys, a movable support, a plurality of groups of settable members in said movable support, a plurality of movable diflerential members, means on said difierential members cooperable with said settable members for determining the movement of said diii'erential members during a machine cycle, means operable at the beginning of a machine cycle to move said movable support so as to cause settable members therein momentarily to engage with and be set by said setting means in accordance with the keys depressed and to thereafter retract said movable support, and means controlled by said cycling means to operate said key-latching means to release the depressed keys after said movable support has been retracted, whereby the amount keys are free for depression while the differential members are being moved during the machine cycle.

2. In a calculating machine of the class described having means i'or giving it cycles of operation; selectively depressible amount keys, means for latching depressed keys in depressed position, setting means controlled by said keys, a plurality of movable diiierential members carrying settable pins for controlling the movement or said members, a pin carriage having a plurality of rows of settable pins, moving means operable at the beginning of a machine cycle to move said pin carriage bodily to cause pins therein to be engaged momentarily with said setting means to thereby set said carriage pins in accordance with the keys depressed and to thereafter retract said carriage and move it to cause its set pins to set pins on said diii'erential members, and means controlled by said cycling means to operate said each of said numeral orders, a movable support, settable members for each oi said numeral orders on said movable support, means on said differential members cooperable with said settable members for determining the movements of said diflerential members during a machine cycle, means for moving said movable support, means controllable by the amount determining devices of the ten-key keyboard to control said movable support in its movement to place the settable members of successive orders successively in position to be set by the amount determining devices of the ten-key keyboard when said keyboard is attached to said supporting means, and means for moving said movable support so as to cause said settable members of the several numeral orders to be engaged simultaneously with the amount determining devices of corresponding numeral orders of the full keyboard when the latter keyboard is attached to said supporting means.

4. In a calculating machine adapted for use interchangeably with a ten-key keyboard having a single set of digital amount determining devices or with a full keyboard having digital amount determinlng devices for each of a plurality oi numeral orders, the combination of means for detachably supporting either of said keyboards on the machine, movable differential members for each oi said numeral orders, a movable carriage, a plurality of groups of settable elements in said carriage, means for moving said carriage, escapement means operable by the amount determining devices of the ten-key keyboard to control said carriage in its movement to place said settable members of successive groups successively in position to be set by the amount determining devices of the ten-key keyboard when said keyboard is attached tb said supporting means, means on said ditierential members cooperable with said settable elements, means for moving said carriage so as to cause set settable elements therein to cooperate with said means on said diiierential members to determine movements of said differential members during a machine cycle,

and removable means for moving said carriage to engage said settable members of said plurality of groups simultaneously with the amount determining devices for said plurality of orders of the full keyboard when the latter keyboard is attached to said supporting means.

5. In a calculating machine adapted for use interchangeably with a ten-key keyboard having a single set of digital amount determining devices or with a lull keyboard having digital amount determining devices for each of a plurality of numeral orders, the combination of means for detachably supporting either 01 said keyboards on the machine, movable diiierential members for each of said numeral orders, settable elements on each of said differential members for controlling movements of the latter, a movable support, settable members on said movable support for each 0! said numeral orders, means for moving said movable support, means controllable by the amount determining devices of the ten-key keyboard when the latter is attached to said supporting means for controlling said movable support in its movement to place said settable members for successive orders successively in position to be set by the amount determining devices of said ten-key keyboard, and means for moving said movable support so as to cause said settable members (or said plurality of numeral orders to be engaged simultaneously with the amount determining devices of correspondin numeral orders of the full keyboard when the latter is attached to said supporting means.

6. In a calculating machine adapted for use interchangeably with a ten-key keyboard having a single set of digital amount determining devices or with a full keyboard having digital amount determining devices for each of a plurality of numeral orders, the combination of means for detachably supporting either of said keyboards on the machine, movable differential members for each of said numeral orders, settable elements on each of said differential members for controlling movements of the latter, a movable carriage, a plurality of groups of settable members in said carriage cooperable with said settable elements on said diiferentlal members, means for moving said carriage, escapement means operable by the amount determining devices of the ten-key keyboard to control said carriage in its movements to place said settable members of successive groups successively in position to be set by the amount determining devices of the ten-key keyboard when the latter is attached to said supporting means, means for moving said carriage so as to cause set settable members of the several groups in said carriage to engage and thereby set settable elements on said differential members of corresponding numeral orders, and removable means to move said carriage so as to cause said settable members of said plurality of groups therein to be engaged simultaneously with the amount determining devices for said plurality of orders of the full keyboard when the latter keyboard is attached to said supporting means.

RAYMOND G. BOWER. 

